Rubber ring pipe joint



Feb- 3, 1942- c. c. HALKYARD f -2,272,115.

y RUBBER RING PIPE JOINT Filed oct. 1, 1940 atl. To 6 T' y l a v Z A l l l,'

words', purely cylindrical.

Patented Feb. 3, 1942 v Australia, assigner to Hume Pipe Companyr (Australia) Limited, Melbourne, VictoriagAus-A ttalia.

Application octer- 1, 1940, serial No. 359,277 c `v 101mm.101.2854163) L This invention relates to jointing means for' concrete pipes of-y the faucet and spigot type wherein a compressible sealing ring, usually comi posed of rubber,iis positioned ,arounda spigot end and, by the insertion of `the spigot endinto a faucet end,`is rolled in a compressed condition into the annular space between the faucet and the spigot ends'and is brought to rest against anV abutment at the inner end of the spigot.

The present invention vaims 'to provide improvements in joints of vthekind indicated where-v by their efficiency will be increased, asv-will be fully described andexplained hereafter vand defined in the appended claim.

In theaccompanying ydrawing which illustrates a preferred form of the invention: I

Figurey 1 is 'a part sectional `view, of spigot and faucet ends of two pipesr to be joined and a'rubber sealingiring in' itsinitialor starting around thespigot end. l

Figure 2`is an enlarged sectionalview showing the pipe ends` when joined in accordance with the invention.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic the spigot end in order to assist understanding of certain aspects of the invention.

The spigot portion 2 is as usual reduced somewhat in external diameter in relation to the main body 3 of the pipe and the outer surface 4 of the spigot portion is, according, to the invention, parallel with the axis of the pipe or, in other ing from such a cylindrical surface will be pointed out hereinafter. A shoulder or abutment face 5 is as usual formed between the main body 3 and the spigot portion 2.

At a short distance from its outer extremity the spigot portion is provided around its'exterior with a circumferential recess 6 which forms an initial seating for the sealing ring 1, and ensures that the ring while being rolledl along the spigot position view showing the rubber sealing ring at different positions along The advantages aris- 'If along the spigot surface 4. The faucet 8 has 'ani` inner end portion" I3 of .-reduced internal diameter,` and the face i3d thereof is connected to face 9 by a' shoulder or abutment face I4 as usual; n

In orderv to join the pipes, the rubber ring'l (which is of slightly smallerinternal diameter thanthe diameter of vthejbottom of-thecircumi'erential` recess 8) is placedV in the saidr circumferential recess I in the spigot portion 2, which is thenentered lengthwise-into flared end of the faucet. The ring is thereby increasingly compressed between the-bevelled face l2 .and the spigot portion and,during continued longitudinal movement of the spigot in relation to the faucet,

is rolledout of recess 6- and alongfthe companion cylindrical surfaces 4 and 9 until it reaches a position as seen in Figure 2 in which the ring comes to rest against abutment face 5 of the spigot.

.,Hitherto, the companion faces of the faucet and spigot portions that deflnethe annular space A for the sealing ring have been inclined'relative 2 into its final sealing position, as hereinafter described, will remain in a plane that is normal to the axis of the pipe. ;k

The faucet portion 8 of the pipe according `to,

the invention has anv internal surface 9 which, in association with surface 4 of the spigot 2forms an annular space Ii for accommodating the ring 1 when in its final lsealing position. Surface 9, like surface 4, should be purely cylindrical.

The mouth or outer extremity of the faucet should be flared or bevelled Aas at I2 to facilitate the initial entry of the spigot yand sealing ring and the commencement of the rolling of the ring 55 been portions of` cones.

to the axis of the pipe or, in other words, have Thus the sealing ring while being rolled along-the spigot portion, has

its mean diameter gradually .increased andI by l reason of its resiliency the ring has a. natural tendency to return down the inclined face of-the spigotv tothe smaller lor outer end. After the vpipe ends have been pushed home as aforesaid there is almost invariably a. tendency for them to spring back slightly and. such tendency is increased if lthe surfaces of the spigot'and faucet are inclined ask aforesaid with the result that the vringmay become misplaced and cause the iointtoleak.

' Such objections are overcomeV in accordance with the presentinvention wherein the formation ofthe surfaces 4 and 9 as cylindrical, instead of conical, ensures that the mean diameter of the ring will remain constant irrespective of the position it occupies along the spigot and thus Athe cylindrical surfaces 4 and 9 will not be the cause of any tendency for the sealing ring to ride towards either end thereof.

A further feature of the invention will now be explained with reference to Figure 3 which illustrates various positions that the ring 1 may occupy bybeing rolled along the spigot. It will be evident that as the ring is moved from its initial position in the recess 6 the inner peripheral portion, denoted -by the reference A, 4will gradually shift around towards the'outside while the outer peripheral portion, denoted bythe reference B.

will gradually shift towards the inside, until the ring has been rolled through an arc of 180 as shown in the dotted line position X wherein the points A and B are reversed.

Such deformation of the cross section of the ring is yieldingly resisted and unless and until the ring has been rolled up to or beyond the 180, or half revolution, position C, it will always have a nautural tendency to roll back towards therecess 6 and to force the spigot outwardly from the surrounding faucet. If, however. rolling of the ring is continued beyond the said 180 or half revolution position X towards, but not into, the 360 or complete revolution position Y shown in chain dot lines, then the reaction of the ring is reversed and the potential force or pressure of the ring set up by its tendency to regain its normal cross section will oppose withdrawal of the spigot from the faucet. The ring should therefore come to rest against shoulder 5 after it has been rolled along the spigot for more than a half of a revolution but less than one complete revolution as shown in the unbroken line position Z.

This aspect of the invention may, therefore, be expressed as making provision for opposing inadvertent withdrawal of the spigot from the faucet by coordinating the cross sectional diameter of the ring 1 with the distance between the circumferential recess 6 at the outer end of the spigot and the abutment face 5 at the inner end thereof, in such manner that in operatively inserting the spigot within the faucet said rubber ring 1 comes to rest against said abutment face 5 after the ring has been rolled along the spigot for more than one half of a revolution but for less than one complete revolution.

The purpose of the shoulder I4 between surfaces 9 and |3a of the faucet is to prevent the rubber ring from being forced inwardly from the annular space Il towards the gap l5 between the pipe ends in the event that the interior of the pipe line is subjected to suction, or in the event that the pressure exterior to the pipe line is materially greater than the pressure obtaining with-l in the pipe line.

n One other feature oi the invention remains to be described and this feature resides in employing a rubber sealing ring o! hollow cross section, instead of solid'cross section,v as has hitherto been the practice in the art. Thus according to the invention the rubber ring has a central passageway I8 which facilitates compressing or fiattening of the ring to a desirable extent when it is being rolled into operative position and thereby provides for an increased area of contact between the periphery of the ring and the surfaces 3 and 9 of the spigot and faucet.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

An improved joint for spigot and faucet ended pipes, comprising a pipe having a spigot portion of reduced external diameter, a shoulder or abutment face being formed at the junction of said spigot portion with the main body of the pipe, said spigot portion being provided externally near its outer extremity with a circumferential recess that extends in a plane that is normal to the axis of the pipe, a rubber or like sealing ring of circular cross section capable of being sprung into said recess, and a pipe having a faucet portion for fitting around said spigot portion so as to provide in association with said faucet an annular space withinwhich said rubber ring in a compressed condition is rolled along the spigot towards said abutment face, the cross sectional diameter of said ring and the distance between said circumferential recess in the spigot portion and said abutment face being so coordinated that in operatively assembling the spigot within the faucet, said rubber ring comes to rest against said abutment face after the ring has been rolled along the spigot for more than one half of a revolution but for less than one complete revolution whereby any tendency of the ring to assume its original form will move the ring against the abutment.

CHARLES CYRIL HALKYARD. 

